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Economia

Petrobras retoma perfuração em águas profundas no RN; saiba mais

Para que uma licença como essa seja concedida, são necessários diversos requisitos técnicos e ambientais.
Eliseu Lins, da Agência NE9
1 de abril de 2026 - às 07:10
Atualizado 1 de abril de 2026 - às 07:10
4 min de leitura
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O Rio Grande do Norte volta ao radar estratégico da indústria de petróleo com o anúncio da retomada das perfurações na Bacia Potiguar.

A licença para operação do poço Mãe de Ouro, concedida à Petrobras, marca um novo capítulo para o estado e reforça o potencial da chamada Margem Equatorial.

A autorização permite a perfuração de três poços Mãe de Ouro, Inhame e Taianga — localizados em águas profundas, a cerca de 52 km da costa potiguar, com lâmina d’água superior a 2 mil metros.

Segundo o Governo Estadual, o movimento pode inaugurar um novo ciclo econômico, com impacto direto na geração de empregos, atração de investimentos e fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva de óleo e gás.

reunião de assinatura foto Carmem Felix

RN: tradição e novos polos de exploração

Apesar do foco atual em águas profundas, o Rio Grande do Norte tem histórico consolidado na produção terrestre (onshore), sendo um dos estados mais tradicionais do país no setor.

Além da Bacia Potiguar, outras áreas importantes de exploração no estado incluem:

Principais polos de petróleo no RN

  • Mossoró
    Principal hub operacional do setor no estado, concentra bases logísticas e empresas de serviços.
  • Guamaré
    Abriga o polo de processamento de gás natural e unidades industriais estratégicas.
  • Areia Branca
    Região com campos maduros e atividade contínua de extração.
  • Macau
    Importante área produtora, com histórico relevante na indústria petrolífera.
  • Alto do Rodrigues
    Destaque na produção terrestre e presença de infraestrutura energética.
  • Apodi
    Área com פעילות exploratória e potencial em expansão.
  • Upanema
    Campos onshore com produção consolidada.

Essas regiões formam a base da cadeia produtiva local, que agora pode ganhar novo impulso com a exploração offshore em águas profundas.

Margem Equatorial: nova fronteira energética

A Margem Equatorial brasileira se estende do Rio Grande do Norte ao Amapá e é considerada uma das áreas mais promissoras para descobertas de petróleo no país.

O poço Mãe de Ouro é visto como estratégico por apresentar indícios relevantes de hidrocarbonetos, podendo viabilizar produção em larga escala — algo que ainda não ocorre no RN em águas profundas.

A expectativa da Petrobras é que a operação confirme o potencial da região e abra caminho para novos projetos.

Licenciamento ambiental: o que o IBAMA exige

Projetos de perfuração offshore, especialmente em águas profundas, passam por um rigoroso processo de licenciamento conduzido pelo IBAMA.

Para que uma licença como essa seja concedida, são necessários diversos requisitos técnicos e ambientais:

Principais exigências

  • Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA/RIMA)
    Avaliação detalhada dos impactos no meio ambiente e nas comunidades.
  • Plano de Emergência Individual (PEI)
    Estratégia para resposta a vazamentos de óleo.
  • Modelagem de dispersão de óleo
    Simulações de cenários de acidentes no mar.
  • Plano de Proteção à Fauna
    Medidas para resgate e proteção de animais marinhos.
  • Avaliação de sensibilidade ambiental da costa
    Identificação de áreas vulneráveis.
  • Plano de Comunicação Social
    Transparência com comunidades e stakeholders.
  • Licença Prévia (LP)
    Aprovação inicial da viabilidade ambiental.
  • Licença de Instalação (LI)
    Autorização para implantação da estrutura.
  • Licença de Operação (LO)
    Permissão final para início das atividades.
  • Auditorias e monitoramento contínuo
    Fiscalização permanente durante a operação.

LEIA TAMBÉM

Impacto econômico e desafios

A retomada das atividades pode gerar efeitos positivos imediatos:

  • Reativação da cadeia de fornecedores
  • Geração de empregos diretos e indiretos
  • Aumento da arrecadação de royalties
  • Estímulo à inovação tecnológica

Por outro lado, o avanço da exploração em águas profundas também reacende debates sobre:

  • Riscos ambientais
  • Sustentabilidade da atividade
  • Dependência econômica de combustíveis fósseis

Portanto, a retomada da Petrobras no Rio Grande do Norte sinaliza uma nova fase para o setor energético local. Com tradição no petróleo terrestre e potencial emergente no offshore, o estado se posiciona novamente como peça-chave no futuro energético do Brasil.

Eliseu Lins

Eliseu Lins é baiano de nascimento e paraibano de coração. Jornalista formado na UFPB, tem mais de 20 anos de atuação na imprensa do Nordeste. É pós-graduado em jornalismo cultural e ocupa o cargo de editor-chefe do NE9 desde 2022.